From the introductory comments in the NRSV Bible (New Oxford Annotated, 1991)
ALTHOUGH ben Sira (also known as Sirach, also known as Ecclesiasticus) lacks any clear structure, it resembles the book of Proverbs in many ways. It stresses characteristic wisdom teachings: proper speech, riches and poverty, honesty, diligence, choice of friends, sin and death, retribution, and wisdom itself. Unlike Proverbs 10 and following chapters, individual proverbs are not set apart, but are incorporated into smooth-flowing poems of some length (often in accordance with the numbers of letters in the Hebrew alphabet). The doctrine is surprisingly traditional, almost as if Job and Ecclesiastes had never been written. Ben Sira is not unaware of the problem of suffering but he is a firm believer in the justice of divine retribution. God will reward everyone according to one's deserts (15.11 - 16.23). There is no intimation of a future life with God in the Hebrew text; rather all go to Sheol (14.12-19; 38.16-23). This is the usual Hebrew teaching, which understood immortality only in terms of one's progeny and good name (44.13-15). Traditionally, wisdom literature never appealed to Israel's sacred history or covenant. This book is an outstanding exception, in view of his "Praise of the Ancestors" (Chapters 44-50) and his identification of personified wisdom with the Torah or Law (24.23). At the same time, ben Sira's book belongs definitely to the genre of wisdom literature with its stress on the lessons of experience and on the "fear of the Lord."
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