All maps consist of three main components
Drawings,
Written text,
Measurement scales.
In other words, maps have an image, whole
or in part, of the world, with legends
and instructions, and finally, measurable
quantities.
The portolan --
an old maritime map on parchment or,
more rarely, on paper -- is foremost a
spiderweb of fine lines radiating from
focal points on the map's background. . .
In short, it's an abstract schematic over
which coastal outlines are superimposted
and which are labeled in perpendicular
fashion with names of ports, harbors, capes,
and islets.
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